Comparison Between Directed and Reported Speech

DIRECT quarrel VS. REPORTED talking to There are two ways to piece of music what someone says or thinks 1. Direct vocabulary shows a persons exact delivery. honorable mention marks (. . . ) are a sign that the members are the same words that a person used. For example capital of Wisconsin What do you privation to eat for lunch? Jason I think I result come hamburger. Direct speech Maria asked, What do you want to eat for lunch? Jason replied, I think I leave behind have hamburger. 2. Reported speech (Indirect speech) puts the speakers words or ideas into a sentence without quotation marks. Noun clauses are usually used.For example Madison What do you want to eat for lunch? Jason I think I will have hamburger. Reported speech Madison asked Jason What he valued for lunch. Jason verbalize that he was thinking of having hamburger for lunch. COMPASRISON BETWEEN DIRECT AND INDIRECT pitch 1. 0 VERB TENSE IN REPORTED speech communication DIRECT idiom REPORTED vernacular si mple present past present completed will can simple past past perfectpast perfect wouldcould Quotation Reported speech I am hungry. She stated that she was hungry. The exam will be beside week. Dr. Jones express the exam will be next week 2. QUESTIONS IN REPORTED spoken language a. Word order The word order in a describe question is the same as in a statement. The subject comes before the verb. b. Punctuation If the sentence is a statement, it end with a period (. ) even if it contains a describe question. c. To channel a yes/no question to a noun clause in reported speech, introduce the noun clause with if or whether. Whether or non whitethorn excessively be used. d. To change an information question to a noun clause in reported speech, begin the noun clause with the question word,DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH * Question Are you ready? Statement I am ready. * Did you play off the coffee pot? * Is supper ready? * Where do they live? * When did you holler out? * Sh e wanted to know if I was ready. * I asked Amy if she had turned off the coffee. * Eli wanted to know whether supper was ready. * Abdul wanted to know where they live. * Sharon asked me when I had called. 3. 0 PRONOUNS Since the person who is coverage what someone said is usually different from the person who made the pilot burner statement, pronouns in reported speech often change.DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH * I am hungry. * Where will you be? * George said he was hungry. * pecker wanted to know where I would be. 4. 0 PLACE AND TIME Changes in place and time words depend on changes in the patch between direct and reported speech. DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH * I dont like this book. * Ill see you tomorrow. (spoken on Thursday) * Jaime said he didnt like that book. * Michiko said she would see me today. (spoken on Friday) Michiko said she would see me yesterday. (spoken on Saturday) 5. 0 INFINITIVES . Infinitives (to + the simple form of the verb) may sometimes be use d instead of noun clauses. b. Commands can be reported two ways 1. a noun clause with a modal (usually should) 2. an infinitive c. Requests for fill or permission can be reported two ways 1. a noun clause with if 2. an infinitive DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH * strain me when you get home. * Action Will you carry the box for me? * Permission rat I make an appointment? * -She said that we should call her when we get home. -She said to call her when we get home. -She asked me if I would carry the box for her. * -She asked me to carry the box for her. * -The student asked if he could make an appointment. -The student asked to make an appointment. 6. 0 propose AND SUGGEST The subjunctive, or base, form of the verb (no tense, without to) is used in reported speech when the main verb is recommend or suggest. DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH * You should arrive early. * Dont wait to apply. * Jason recommended that we arrive early. * Anna recommended that I not wait to apply.